Билеты по английскому языку за 11 класс
The Russian Federation
The Russian Federation is the largest country in the world. It occupies about one-seventh of the earth’s surface. It covers the eastern part of Europe and the northern part of Asia. Its total area is about 17 million square kilometres. The country is washed by 12 seas of 3 oceans:the Pacific, the Arctic and the Atlantic. In the south Russia borders on China, Mongolia, Korea, Kazakhstan, Georgia and Azerbaijan. In the west it borders on Norway, Finland, the Baltic States, Belorussia, the Ukraine. It also has a sea-borders with the USA.
There is hardly a country in the world where such a variety of scenery and vegetation can be found. We have steppes in the south, plains and forests in the midland, tundra and taiga in the nirth, highlands and deserts in the east.There are two great plains in Russia:the Great Russian Plain and the West Siberian Lowland. There are several mountains chains on the territory of the country: the Urals, the Caucasus, the Altai and others. The largest mountain chain, the Urals, separates Europe from Asia.There are over two million rivers in Russia. Europe’s biggest river, the Volga, flows into the Caspian Sea. The main Siberian rivers- the Ob, the Yenisei and the Lena- flow from the south to the north. The Amur in the Far East flows into the Pacific Ocean.
Russia is reach in beautiful lakes. The world’s deepest lake is Lake Baikal. It is much smaller than the Baltic Sea, but there is much more water in it than in the Baltic Sea. The water in the lake is so clear that if you look down you can count the stones on the bottom.Russia has one-sixth of the world’s forests. They are concentrated in the European north of the country, in Syberia and in the Far East.On the vast territory of the country there are various types of climate, from arctic in the north to subtropical in the south. In the middle of the country the climate is temperate and continental.
Russia is very reach in oil, iron ore, natural gas, copper, nickel and other mineral resources.Russia is a parliamentary republic. The Head of State is the President. The legislative powers are exercised by the Duma.The capital of Russia is Moscow. It is its largest political, scientific, cultural and industrial centre. It’s one of the oldest Russian cities.At present, the political and economic situationn in the country is rather complicated. There are a lot of problems in the national economy of the Russian Federation. The industrial production is decreasing. The prices are constantly rising, the rate of inflation is very high. People are losing their jobs because many factories and plants are going bankrupt.But in spite of the problems Russia is facing at present, there are a lot of opportunities for this country to become one of the leading countries in the world. I’m sure that we, the younger generation, can do very much to make Russia as strong and powerful as it used to be.
Российская Федерация
Российская Федерация — самая большая страна в мире. Это занимает о первом седьмом из поверхности земли. Это закрывает(охватывает) восточную часть Европы и северной части Азии. Его полная область — приблизительно 17 миллионов квадратных километров. Страна вымыта 12 морями 3 oceans:the Tихий океан, арктический и Атлантика. На юге Россия граничит с Китаем, Монголией, Кореей, Казахстаном, Джорджией(Грузией) и Азербайджаном. На западе это граничит С Норвегией, Финляндией, Балтийскими Государствами, Belorussia, Украиной. Это также имеет морскую границу со США.
Есть едва страна в мире, где такое разнообразие пейзажа и растительности может быть найдено. Мы имеем степи на юге, равнинах и лесах во внутриобластном, тундре и taiga в nirth, горной местности и пустынях на востоке. Есть два Великих равнин в Russia:the Большой Российской Равнине и Западной Сибирской Низменности. Есть несколько цепей гор на территории страны: Урал, Кавказ, Алтай и другие. Самая большая цепь горы, Урал, отделяет Европу из Азии. Есть более чем два миллиона рек в России. Самая большая река Европы, Волга, течет в Каспийское море. Главные Сибирские реки — Обь, Енисей и Лина Лена-текут с юга на север. Амур на Дальнем Востоке течет в Тихий океан.
Россия — досягаемость в красивых озерах. Всемирное самое глубокое озеро — Озеро Байкал. Это намного меньшее чем Балтийское море, но есть гораздо большее количество воды в этом чем в Балтийском море. Вода в озере настолько ясна, что, если Вы смотрите вниз Вас, может считать камни на основание. Россия имеет первый шестой из всемирных лесов. Они сконцентрированы в Eвропейце к северу от страны, в Syberia и на Дальнем Востоке. На обширной территории страны есть различные типы климата, из Арктики на севере к субтропическому на юге. В середине страны климат умеренный и континентален.
Россия — очень досягаемость в нефти(масле), железной руде, природном газе, меди, никеле и других минеральных ресурсах. Россия — парламентская республика. Глава государства — Президент. Законодательные полномочия осуществлены Думой. Капитал(столица) России Московский. Это — его самый большой политический, научный, культурный и индустриальный центр. Это — один из самых старых Российских городов. В настоящее время, политический и экономический situationn в стране довольно усложнен. Есть много проблем в народном хозяйстве Российской Федерации. Индустриальное производство уменьшается. Цены постоянно повышаются, норма(разряд) инфляции очень высока. Люди теряют их рабочие места, потому что много фабрик и заводы(растения) обанкротятся. Но несмотря на проблемы Россия сталкивается в настоящее время, есть много возможностей для этой страны, чтобы стать одной из ведущих стран в мире. Я уверен, что мы, более молодое поколение, можем делать очень, чтобы делать Россию столь же сильной и мощной, как это имело обыкновение быть.
Moscow
Moscow is the capital of Russia, its political, economic, commercial and cultural centre. It was founded 8 centurys ago by Prince Yuri Dolgoruky in 1147. Gradually the city became more and more powerfull. In the 13th century Moscow was the centre of the struggle of Russian lands for the liberation from the tartar yoke. In the 16th century under Ivan the Terrible Moscow became the capital of the new united state. Though Peter the Great moved the capital to St. Petersburg in 1712; Moscow remained the heart of Russia. That’s why it became the main target of Napoleon’s attack. After the October revolution Moscow became the capital again. Now moscow is one of the largest cities in Europe. Its total area is about nine hundred square kilometres. The population of the city is over 8 million.Moscow is one of the most beautiful cities in the world. The heart of Moscow is Red Square. The Kremlin and St. Basil’s Cathedral (Vasily Blazheny) are masterpieces of encient Russian architecture. On the territory of the Kremlin you can see old cathedrals, the Palace of Congresses, the Tzar-Cannon and the Tzar-Bell, the biggest cannon and bell in the world. St. Basil’s Cathedral was built in the mid-16th century in memory of the victory over Kazan.One of the well-known Kremlin museums is the Armouty Chamber. The famous golden cap of Monomach, the first Russian imperial crown of Catherin the second and many other historical items are exhibited there.
There are more than 80 museums in Moscow. The Historical Museum, the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts, the Tretyakov State Picture Gallery are world famous and the largest.Moscow is famous for its theatres. The best-known of them are Bolshoi, Maly and Art theatres.
Moscow is the seat of the Russian Parliament (the Duma) and the centre of political life of the country.
Москва
Москва — капитал(столица) России, ее политического, экономического, коммерческого и культурного центра. Это было основано 8 столетий назад принцем Юрием Долгоруки в 1147. Постепенно город стал все более мощным. В 13-ом столетии Москва была центр борьбы Российских стран для освобождения от хомута камня. В 16-ом столетии под Иваном Ужасная Москва стала капиталом(столицей) нового объединенного государства(состояния). Хотя Питер Большой перемещенный капитал(столица) к Санкт-Петербургу в 1712; Москва осталась сердцем России. Именно поэтому это стало главной целью нападения Наполеона. После революции Октября Москва стала капиталом(столицей) снова.
Теперь Москва — один из самых больших городов в Европе. Его полная область — приблизительно девятьсот квадратных километров. Население города — более чем 8 миллионов.
Москва — один из наиболее красивых городов в мире. Сердце Москвы — Красная площадь. Кремль и Собор C-Бэзила (Vasily Blazheny) — шедевры encient Российской архитектуры. На территории Кремля Вы можете видеть старые соборы, Дворец Конгрессов, Орудия царя и Звонка царя, самого большого орудия и звонка в мире. Собор C-Бэзила был построен в середине 16-ого столетия в памяти о победе по Казани.Один из известных Кремлевских музеев — Armouty Палата. Известная золотая кепка Monomach, первая Российская имперская корона Catherin второй и многих других исторических пунктов(изделий) показана там.Есть больше чем 80 музеев в Москве. Исторический Музей, Пушкин Мусевм Искусств, Государство(состояние) Tretyakov Картинная Галерея — мир, известный и самый большой.Москва известна ее театрами. Известный лучшим из них — Bolshoi, Maly и Художественные театры.Москва — место Российского Парламента (Дума) и центр политической жизни страны
The United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is situated on the British Isles. The British Isles consist of two large islands, Great Britain and Ireland, and about five thousands small islands. Their total area is over 244 000 square kilometres. The United Kingdom is one of the world’s smaller countries. Its population is over 57 million. About 80 percent of the population is urban. The United Kingdom is made up of four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. Their capitals are London, Cardiff, Edinburgh and Belfast respectively. Great Britain consists of England , Scotland and Wales and does not include Northern Ireland. But in everyday speech Great Britain is used in the meaning of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The capital of the UK. is London. The British Isles are separated from the Continent by the North Sea and the British Channel. The *western coast of Great Britain is washed by the Atlantic Ocean and the Irish Sea.
The surface of the British Isles varies very much. The north of Scotland is mountainous and is called the Highlands. The South, which has beautiful valleys and plains, is called the Lowlands. The north and west of England are mountainous, but the eastern, central and south- eastern parts of England are a vast plain. Mountains are not very high. Ben Nevis in Scotland is the highest mountain (1343 m). There are a lot of rivers iri Great Britain, but they are not very long. The Severn is the longest rive?, while the Thames is the deepest and the most important oae. The mountains, the Atlantic Ocean and the warm waters of the Gulf Stream influence the climate of the British Isles. It is mild the whole year round. The UK. is a highly developed industrial country. It produces and exports machinery, electronics, textile. One of the chief industries of the country is shipbuilding. * The UK is a constitutional monarchy with a parliament and the Queen as Head of State.
Великобритания
Великобритания Великобритании и Северной Ирландии расположена на Британских островах. Британские острова состоят из двух больших островов, Великобритании и Ирландии, и приблизительно пять тысяч маленьких островов. Их полная область — более чем 244 000 квадратных километров. Великобритания — одна из всемирных меньших стран. Его население — более чем 57 миллионов. Приблизительно 80 процентов от населения городские. Великоб
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Билеты по английскому языку за 11-класс (Украина)
Индийская устная традиция и ее отношение к американской литературе в целом — одна из самых богатых и наименее исследуемых тем в индийских занятиях(изучениях). Индийский вклад в Америку больше чем, часто верится. Сотни индийских слов в каждодневном американском английском языке включают «каноэ», «табак», «картофель», » мокасин *, » американский лось, «енот», «томагавк», и «тотем». Современный индус(индеец), пишущий также содержит работы большой красоты.
Билет 13 2. Прочитайте и переведите текст.
The
Crisis
A «Hotel» by Arthur Hailey
On the desk of Peter McDermott was a fresh pile of mail and memos. Peter looked through them all, deciding that there was nothing that could not be left until tomorrow. Beneath the memos was a folder which he opened. It was the proposed master catering plan which the sous-chef, Andre Lemieux, had given him yesterday. Peter began studying the plan this morning.
Glancing at his watch, he decided to continue his reading before making an evening tour of the hotel. He spread the precisely hand-written pages and carefully drawn charts before him.
As he read on, his admiration for the young sous-chef grew. The presentation looked masterly, revealing a broad grasp both of the. hotel’s problems and the potentialities of its restaurant business. Peter became angry, that the chef de cuisine, M. Hebrand, had — according to Lemieux — dismissed the proposals entirely.
True, some conclusions were arguable, and Peter disagreed himself With a few of Lemieux’s ideas. At first glance, too, a number of estimated costs looked optimistic. But they were minor. The important thing was that a fresh and clearly competent brain had studied present deficiencies in food management and came up with suggested cure. Equally clear was that if the St. Gregory Hotel did not use Andre kemieux’s considerable talents, he would soon take them elsewhere.
Peter McDermott, assistant manager of the hotel, put the plan and charts to their folder with a sense of pleasure. He decided that he would like to tell Andre Lemieux his impressions.
A telephone call brought the information that, this evening, the chef de cuisine was absent because of continued illness, and that the sous-chef, M. Lemieux, was in charge. Peter said that he was coming down to the kitchen now.
Andre Lemieux was waiting at the door from the main dining-room.
«Come in, monsieur! You are welcome». Entering the noisy, steaming kitchen, the young sous-chef shouted close to Peter’s ear. «You find us near the peak of work».
In contrast to the comparative quietness of yesterday afternoon, the atmosphere now, in early evening, was hellish. With a full shift on duty, chefs in starched whites, their assistant cooks and, juniors were everywhere. Around them, through waves of steam of heat, sweating kitchen helpers noisily pushed trays, pans and cauldrons, while others thrust trolleys carelessly, all turning away from each other as well as hurrying waiters and waitresses, with serving trays held high. On steam tables the day’s dinner menu dishes were being portioned and served for delivery to dining-rooms. Special orders — from a la carte menus and for room service — were being prepared by fast-moving cooks whose arms and hands seemed everywhere at once.
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Кризис
«Гостиница» Артуром Хэйлеем
На столе Питера Макдермотта была новая(свежая) груда почты и записок. Питер просмотрел их все, решая, что не было ничего, что нельзя было бы оставить до завтра. Ниже записок была папка, которую он открыл. Это был предложенный план поставки владельца(мастера) который су-повар, Andre Lemieux, дал ему вчера. Питер начал изучать план этим утром.
Глядя на его часы, он решил продолжить его чтение перед созданием вечернего тура по гостинице. Он распространял точно рукописные страницы и тщательно оттянутые диаграммы перед ним.
Поскольку он продолжал читать, его восхищение молодыми су-поваром росло. Представление смотрело мастерски, показывая широкое схватывание оба из. проблемы гостиницы и потенциальные возможности ее бизнеса ресторана. Питер рассердился, что повар de кухня, М. Hebrand, имел — согласно Lemieux — отклонил предложения полностью.
Верный, некоторые заключения были спорные, и Питер не согласился непосредственно С несколькими из идей Лемиукса. На первый взгляд, также, множество оцененных затрат выглядело оптимистическим. Но они были незначительны(младшие). Важная вещь была то, что новый(свежий) и ясно компетентный мозг изучил существующие дефициты в управлении продовольствия и придумал предложенное лечение(средство). Одинаково ясный был то, что, если бы C-Григорий Хотэль не использовал значительные таланты Andre kemieux, он скоро взял бы их в другом месте.
Питер Макдермотт, помощник управляющего гостиницы, помещает план и диаграммы к их папке с ощущением удовольствия. Он решил, что он хотел бы сказать Андр Лемиуксу его впечатления.
Телефонный звонок принес информацию, что, этим вечером, повар de кухня отсутствовал из-за длительной болезни, и что су-повар, М. Лемиукс, был ответственный. Питер сказал, что он сводился к кухне теперь.
Андр Лемиукс ждал в двери от главной гостиной.
«Вошедшийся, господин! Пожалуйста». Входя в шумную, двигающуюся кухню, молодые су-повар кричали близко к уху Питера. «Вы находите нас около пика работы».
В отличие от сравнительной тишины вчера днем, атмосфера теперь, рано вечером, была адская. С полным изменением при исполнении служебных обязанностей, повара в накрахмаленных белых, их помощнике поваров и, юниоры были всюду. Вокруг них, через волны пара высокой температуры, потеющие помощники кухни шумно подтолкнули(выдвинули) подносы, кастрюли и котлы, в то время как другие толкают вагонетки небрежно, все отклонение друг от друга так же как спешащих официантов и официанток, с обслуживающими подносами, проведенными(поддержанными) высоко. На паровых столах(таблицах) блюда меню обеда дня были portioned и служили для поставки гостиным. Специальные заказы(распоряжения) — от Ла меню меню и для обслуживания(службы) комнаты(места) — были готовы стремительными поварами, руки(оружие) которых и руки казались всюду сразу.
Билет 14 2. Прочитайте и переведите текст.
Rachel
After Ersklne Caldwell
Every evening she came out of the dark and stepped into the bright light of the street like a frightened child far from home. I knew that she had never been at the end of the alley before eight o’clock, And yet there were evenings when I ran there two hours early and waited until she came. During all those months I had known her, she had been late only two or three times, and then it was only ten or fifteen minutes past eight when she came.
Rachel had never told me where she lived, and she would never let me walk home with her. Where the alley began was the door through which she came at eight, and the door which closed behind her at ten. When I had asked her to let me walk with her, she always said that her father did not allow her to be with boys and that if he saw us together he would either beat her pitilessly or make her leave home.
Rachel had told me that almost every time I saw her, as if she wanted me to understand some sort of danger that lay in the darkness of the alley. I knew there was no physical danger, because around the corner was our house and I knew the district as anyone else. And besides during the day I usually walked through the alley to our back gate on my way home, because it was the
shortest way when I was late for supper. But after dark the alley was Rachel’s, and I had never gone home that way at night as I feared to see her or hear of her. 1 had promised her from the beginning that I would never follow her to find out where she lived, and that I would never try to discover her real name,
I knew Rachel and her family were poor, because she had been wearing the same dress for nearly a year. It was a worn but clean dress of blue cotton, and 1 knew she washed it every day. Each evening when I saw her, I was worried because I knew that the cloth would not last for long. I wanted to offer to buy her a dress with the few dollars I had in my bank, but I was afraid even to suggest such a thing to her. I was sure that it would mean the end of my seeing her.
Once Rachel had worn a pair of black silk stockings. From the first she had come each night to the brightly lighted street in her white cotton stockings, and for a year she had worn only them.
Each evening when Rachel came out of the black alley I met her there, and together we walked down the brightly lighted street to the corner where there was a drugstore. On the opposite corner was a moving picture theater. To one or the other we went each evening. I should have liked to have taken her to both the show and to the drugstore, but I was never able to earn enough money for both in the same evening. The twenty cents I received every day for delivering the afternoon newspaper was not enough to buy ice cream at the drugstore and seats at the picture show, too. We had to take our choice between them.
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Рэйчел
После
Ersklne
Caldwell
Каждый вечер она вышла темный и ступила в яркий свет улицы подобно пугаемому(испуганному) ребенку, далекому от дома. Я знал, что она никогда не была в конце переулка до восьми часов, И все же были вечера, когда я управлял туда двумя часами рано и ждал, пока она не прибыла. В течение всех тех месяцев я знал ее, она была поздно только двумя или тремя разами, и затем это было только десять или пятнадцать минут восьмого когда она прибыла.
Рэйчел никогда не говорила мне, где она жила, и она никогда не будет позволять мне идти домой с нею. Где переулок начался, была дверь, через которую она прибыла в восемь, и дверь, которая закрылась позади нее в десять. Когда я попросил ее позволять мне прогулку с нею, она всегда говорила, что ее отец не позволял ей быть с мальчиками и что, если бы он видел нас, вместе он или бил бы ее безжалостно или делал бы ее отпуск домой.
Рэйчел сказала мне, что почти каждый раз я видел ее, как будто она хотела, чтобы я понял некоторый вид опасности, которые лежат в темноте переулка. Я знал, что не было никакой физической опасности, потому что вокруг угла был наш дом, и я знал район как кто — либо еще. И кроме того в течение дня я обычно шел через переулок к нашим воротам спины на моем пути домой, потому что это было
самый короткий путь, когда я опаздывал на ужин. Но после наступления темноты переулком была Рэйчел, и я никогда не шел домой, которого пути ночью, как я боялся, чтобы видеть ее или слышать о ней. 1 обещал ей с начала, которое я никогда не буду следовать за нею, чтобы узнать, где она жила, и что я никогда не буду пробовать обнаружить ее реальное название(имя),
Я знал Рэйчел, и ее семейство было бедно, потому что она носила то же самое платье в течение почти года. Это было изношенное, но чистое платье синего хлопка, и 1 знал, что она вымыла это каждый день. Каждый вечер, когда я видел ее, я волновался, потому чт
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Ответы на билеты к обязательному выпускному экзамену по английскому языку для Беларуси (11 класс) [DOC]
Бушуева Э.В., Юхнель Н.В.
Минск: Вышэйшая школа, 2015. — 220 c.
Учебно-методическое пособие для учителей общего среднего образования с белорусским и русским языками обучения.
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Основная задача сборника — оказать помощь учителям русского языка, работающим в XI классах, при подготовке учащихся к письменным экзаменам по русскому языку.
Тексты для изложений подобраны с учетом наличия в них основных орфограмм и пунктограмм, изучение которых включено в программу по русскому языку за период обучения и…
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Минск: Аверсэв, 2016. — 94 с.
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Билеты по английскому за 11 класс
W.H.Smith:
is a national chain of shops which sells newspapers and magazines. Smith’s also sell books, videos, stationary, pens and office equipment.
Harrods :
is the famous London department store
Sainbury’s
supermarkets are one of the leaders in food and drink selling in Britain.
But the most famous of British shops all over the world is Marks & Spencer . It attracts a great variety of customers, from housewives to millionaires . Princess Diana, Dustin Hoffman and the British Prime Minister are just a few of its famous customers. Last year it made a profit of £529 million, which is more than £ 10 million a week. It all started 109 years ago, when a young Polish immigrant, Michael Marks, had a stall in Leeds market. He didn’t have many things to sell: some cotton, a little wool, lots of buttons, and few shoelaces. Above his stall he put the notice: “Don’t ask how much-it’s a penny. 10 years later , he met Tom Spencer and together they started Penny Stalls in many towns in the north of England. Today there are 564 brunches of M&S all over the world – in America, Canada, Spain, France, Belgium, and Hungary. In M&S the best selling clothes are :for women: jumpers, bras, and knickers; for men: shirts, socks, pyjamas, dressing gowns, and suits; for children; underwear and socks. Best – sells in food include fresh chickens, bread, vegetables and sandwiches. Why is M&S so successful? The store bases its business on three principles: good value, good quality, and good service. Also it changes with the times –once it was all jumpers and knickers. Now it’s food, furniture and flowers as well .Top fashion designers advise on styles of clothes.
9. Education in GB and in Russia.
As in other countries the vast majority (Огромное большинство) of people in medieval Br were illiterate. Written texts were in Latin and exact of churchman , there was only a small group of professional clerks , who could read and write. And sometimes when you needed something to write down you had to pay one of the clerks for his job.
After the Norman invasion in 1066 Br. started to join social-political life of Europe. In that time the rich families began to employed clerks to teach their children at home. Then church mans began to open schools for boys. After French revolution which brought ideas of social equality . woman began to demand access to some sort of education as boys. In 1874 Gorton Collage and Cambridge afford the first university places for women.
Nowadays everybody has a right to a school place for a child from age 5 to age 16, and a collage place from 16 to 18. This places are provided free of charge. In GB there are 2 steps which is free of charge: this is Primary school ( here learn children from age 5 to 11) and Secondary school (from 11 to 18 years old). The Primary school consist of 6 steps, and Secondary school education can be devoted into 2 parts. First it is 5 steps after which children can leave Secondary school after they pass 11 GCSE exams( General Certificate of School Education), but they can also stay at school or in collage for more 2 years. Most Secondary schools in GB are comprehensive for example state school s which take children of all abilities. About 7% of students go to privet schools. This schools don’t receive any money from state and they are usually single sex, and children live there during tern-time. Most pupils in GB schools wear school uniform. The favorite colors for it are: blue, gray, black and marron.
After Secondary school only 25% of Students continuos education and go to universities. GB Universities are not open to every one it depends on your last year in school. And your A-level results. For example the Nottingam university accepting students it the have 2 Bs and a C in A-level.
In Russia the education system is different. All children must learn from 1 stage to 9 it is obligatory education. After which pupils pass 5 exams. They can leave school or stay for 2 years more (10 and 11 grades) . it is High secondary school education. At the end of 11 form all pupils must pass 6 exams. 2 of them are identically to all. It is written literature and mathematics . in schools with the profound study of languages (foe example English) the exam on this subject is considered composure . other 3 or 4 exams pupils choose themselves. During the last form many pupils usually attends to the courses of the university they had chosen. In Russia everybody could enter the university, but he must pass entrance exams. In every university they are different.
11
. You like your flat and your district. Speak in fever of the place.
I live in Moscow, in North Orekhovo — Borisovo district. It is situated in the South of the city. In my district there is Tzarizansky park . It is a very old park and it has it own interesting history. Catherine I liked the village called “Black mud” and she ordered architectures Kazakov and Bazhenov to build there a residence, but as the name of the village was not appropriate for a summer residence of empress it was decided to rename it to Tzarizano. When everything was ready Catherine I didn’t like the building of Big Palace and the architects began to remake it but they didn’t finish their work. For the many years it remained unfinished. But about 5 or 7 years ago old buildings were restored. A lot of people like to walk there and breathe fresh air . It is very important that in our district there is a forest. It cleans the air. Ecology conditions in our district are bad as the winds from the North bring polluted air, also in our district there are a lot of industrial projects. For example near my house the Tobacco fabric “Ducat” are situated. I live in a 3 room flat. There are 2 bedrooms, a living room, and a kitchen. In my room there is a wardrobe , a bed, a desk ,a computer, a tape recorder and some pot plants. In the kitchen there is a table with chairs , a refrigerator , a microwave oven , roaster, and a TV set. In the living room there is a sofa, a TV set , a hi-fi system and a table with chairs. Besides Tzarizansky park there is another historical place in our district Kolomenskoe .It is a park too. In warm days it is very pleasant to walk there with friends . I like my district because nowadays a lot of new interesting shops and places opened here and in has become more modern. Certainly it is a pity that out district is situated very far from the center of Moscow and it takes me a lot of time to get there, but near my house there is Domodedovskaya metro station which is very good. The only thing I wish is a better ecological situation in our district and then everything will be OK .
13. Speak about advantages and disadvantages of living in a big city , in a small town and in the country
The city is the place where all industrial cultural and educational centers are situated. In big cities you can find museums, theaters, clubs, cinemas ,big shops and hospitals, comfortable modern flats. People try to live in cites because all necessary objects are situated near by. For example if you get ill a hospital or a chemist’s shop will be situated near your home in the city, and if you live in the country it will be hard to find any medical help very quicly . Also in big cites you can fiend all sorts of entertainment such as cinemas clubs entertaining parks and so on. Many people like to spend their free time in them because it helps them to relax and bring them a lot of pleasure. It is really convenient that everything you need in daily life is situated near you. One of the most important comforts of big cites is that you can fast get everywhere you like by underground, bus, trolley bas. Also in big cities there is electricity therefore you can use electrical devices such as TV sets, computers, radio, microwave owen, refrigerators and so on. One more thing, without which it would be impossible to live today is the telephone and where there is a telephone there is also Internet. The connection has huge value in the life of people and we have got used to it to such extent , that it there is no telephone we feel uncomfortable and lonely. Yes , it is really comfortable, and at first glance everything is good but nowadays big cites there are a great amount of cars and factories Big cites suffer of overpopulation, dirty air, and water, The streets became noisy and after hard working day people cannot relax. People try to do everything to go to the countryside because only there they can find quietness . Every holiday and every week-end people try to leave their houses and go to the country. I live in Orekhovo-Borisovo North district . The ecological conditions here are very bad because near my house a lot of industrial objects are situated. For example near the Tobacco factory “DUCAT” is situated . As for me I prefer to live in a big city because A lot of big shops are situated near my home, but I also like to spend my holidays in the country because after living in the city for about 9 months I begin to get tired.
.
14.
London.
London is where the invading (вторжение) Romans first crossed the River Thames. They built a city a square mile in size, surrounded it with a wall and called it Londinium.
This original site of
London is now called the City of London and is Britain’s main financial center.
The City is only a very small part of London. In the 11-th century, London began to expand
beyond (Вне) to City walls when King Edward the Confessor built a huge abbey at Westminster.
There is saying «When a man is rtred of London, he is lired of life!» (Dr Johnson)and it is quite trufful. You can’t be bebored in London. There are hundreds of historic buildings, galleries and museums. There are parks and street markets, over 80 theatres and even more cinemas.
The centre of London has many different areas Each one has its own special character. Covent Garden in London’s West End , is crowded with cafes, clubs and clothes shops. Soho is also known for its clubs. Knightsbridge has a lot of exclusive and expensive shops, as well as many of the embassies. Fleet Street is the home of the Law Courts. One part of the West End has so many
Chinese shops and restaurants that it is called Chinatown. Chelsea and Sloane Street are supposed to be the homes of trendy rich kids. When you go outside the centre you find many areas which used to be small villages. The village became part of the city when the city expanded, but they still managed to keep their village is extremely expensive. It is on one or the highest hills in London
Some visitors say that London is an expensive city, but there are a few things to do which do not cost a lot of money. Most museums are free and give free guided tours as well as lectures. The Royal Festival Hall on the South Bank of the River Thames has free music in the foyer every lunch rime. The National Theatre next to the Royal Festival Hall also has free concerts in the foyer evening and on Saturday lunchtime. Some cinemas are cheaper on Mondays; others sell half-prise tickets before 6 pm If you want to discover London, it is best to start with a tour on a sightseeing bus. It’s also fun to go on a guided walk. These are advertised in Time
Ont,
a weekly magazine that tells you what is happening in London. The walks last up to 3 hours and have special themes, such as «Ghosts and Haunted Taverns», «Royal London — Palaces and People», «The Beatles London — Rock Routes of the Sixties».
Also there are a lot of beautiful historical places like the Westminster Abbey. It is a national shrine where the kings and queens are crowned and famous people are buried. Founded by Edward the Confessor in 1050, the abbey was a monastery for a long time. The present building dates largely from the time of henry III who began to rebuild the church , a task which lasted nearly 300 years. Since William I almost every English monarch has been crowned in this great church, which contains the tombs and memorials of many of Britain’s most eminent citizens.
16. Speak about the state of medical servers in Russia. How do you imagine the medical care of the future?
In our country medical service is provided free of charge. There is a wide network of local out- patient clinics. If a person falls ill he calls a local physician. The doctor visits his patient. And examines him. He usually sounds the patient’s chest, listens to his heart, fells his pulse and sometimes sahes , his blood pressure. He also examines his throat and tonque . After the physician has diagnose the case the prescribes medicine for the descase. Then he writes out a search leave and gives advice If the patient follows the doctor’s instructions , it doesn’t take him long to recover. As soon as he feels better , he comes to the local out-patient clinic for final examination. If the case in complicated and the patient needs shecial treatment he is taken to the hospital.The situation in medical service has changed as compared to the previory years. Medicine has become very expensive. Treatment and special tests or surgery cost a lot of money. Mist people cannot afford being operated. Nowadays we cannot say that medical service is must be given by the government to run medical service properly. Hospitals and clinics should be better equipped. Many of them are old-fashioned and need repairing. Doctors and nurses are overworked and underpaid. One of the positive features, which still exists in Russia, medical service in regular medical check-up of school children. It is very important to prevent illness. They are vaccinated and examined by specialists. I think that medical service should be free of charge for all people.
18.Museums
There are so many museums and galleries in London that even people who have lived there for a long time don’t know them all. Some are traditional museums, but many are now making their exhibitions interactive, or hands-on, to encourage people to touch and understand what is on display. At the Science ‘ Museum, visitors can carry out experiments. At the Natural History Museum, visitors can find out how to look for fossils on the beach. At the National Gallery, the country’s main art gallery, visitors can call up paintings on computer screens, find out about them and then print out a plan with their location indicated.
At MOMI, the Museum of the Moving Image, almost all the things on display move. You can see how the first film was made, listen to the latest stereo systems and watch the news from the 1960s. The people who work in the museum are actors: those in the 1950s section are in 1950s costume and can talk to you about Marilyn Monroe.
The National Gallery was born when King George IV urged (Убеждил) the government to purchase (Купить) a collection of 38 paintings including six of Hogarth’s Marriage A La Mode. Rubens, Rembrandt, other Flemish, Dutc
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Билеты по английскому за 11 класс
1. Travelling by air .Give your counter reasons in fever of flying.
Many people devote ( посвящают ) their lives travelling . They can spend a lot of time for the road .And they can travel by car, by sea, by train , and by air. Also travelling by air usually preferred by people who haven’t got much time and they must quickly get to another city, country or continent. Nowadays there are a lot of businessmen who have to communicate with people from other countries. Each of us has a lot of relatives and friends. Some of them live in other countries. For example you live in Russia, Moscow and you have some relatives in France or in Britain. You certainly can get to GB by train , and by sea but it will take you a lot of time. It would be easier if you choose a plane.
There are some rules in air port which every passengers mast following At first it is necessary to arrive at the airport 2 hours before departure time. They must register their tickets, weigh in and register the luggage. Most airports have at least 2 classes of travel, first class and economy class, which is cheaper. Each passenger of more than 2 years of age has free luggage allowance. Generally this limit is 20 kg for economy class passengers and 30 kg for first class passengers, excess luggage must be paid for except for some articles that can be carried free of charge. At first you go through the Customs, there you mast fill in the customs declaration before you talk to the customs officer. He may ask any passenger routine questions about declare the things, spirits , tobacco , presents. Then you do to the check — in counter where your ticket is looked at, you are given luggage tags and boarding passes, your . The next formality is filling in the immigration form and going through passport control. The form has to be filled in block letters . You write your name, nationality, permanent address and the purpose of your trip. After fulfilling all these formalities you go to the departure lounge where you can have a snack , read a paper buy something in the duty-free shop and wait for the announcement to board the plane.
When you decide to travel by air you can buy first and economy class tickets. The first class is more comfortable than economy and it is always more expensive .In spite of first class tickets being very expensive have some advantages over economy. At first it is more comfortable seats. The dinner is much better then in economy class , and if you have bought a first class ticket you can have 30 kg luggage free of charge. Also you have a private emergency exit for the first class passages only. You have one more advantage : you can take any drinks free. Although flying by plane is very fast it has some inconveniences. There is a jet-lag, a difference between the time you are accustomed to and the new time. At first you won’t be very well because of it , but don’t worry – it won’t take you long to get used to it. As a whole to fly by planes is pleasant and convenient
2. British Painters
It is sometimes possible to see the national character in painters or groups of painters. But the visual language of art travels quickly and easily, and artists are influenced by things they see all over the world. Painters themselves also travel and visited over countries. The first important period of English Painting was started by German visitor Hans Holbein the Younger lived in London between 1527 and 1543, and painted wonderful portraits of the rich and famous people. He had learned from Italian painters. Inspired by Holbein, a school of portrait painters developed in England. One of the most famous of these paint
ers was Nicholas
Hilliard,
who specialized in miniat
ures:
very small, beaut
ifully colored paintings.
A
nother great port
rait painter, Joshua Reynolds
(1723
-92), who too learning in Italy. The quality of Reynolds paint is differs from his predecessors(предшественники) : William Hogarth and Thomas Gainsborough, he represented(представлен) the expression on the face and the insights(понимание) into the character.
Alt
hough t
here have
be
en brilliant Brit
ish painters, few of them have achieved an international reputat
ion. However, t
here is at
least one notab
le(известный) except
io
n -J.M.W.
Turner (1775-
185l). His paintings were years
ahea
d of their time. He was working in the first ha
lf of the 19th century, but his work seems to
look forward to the impressionism of 75
years later.
In fact the genius of Turner was not really appreciated (оцененный) in his own time. Only not long time ago he come to be regarded (быть расценен ) as the greatest of Br. painters. Much of Turner’s works is at the Tate Gallery in London , which is also the best place in the country to see modern art. The 20th
century was an extremely busy and exciting time for Br. painters. At first the tendency was , as often in past , to imitate the European’s painters. The French impressionists had taken the art world like a storm and finagle painters try to copy them. The Picasso and Bragne come up with something completely new – cubism and again Br. painters followed .
Only in the middle of the 20th
century a new movement had started actually in this country. Pop art painters caught the imagination of young people. This movement dropped almost all previous (предыдущий) ideas about painting, and picked-up the images of advertising . Рop music and cheap everyday objects. The first artist who do it were Richard Hamilton , Edward Paolozzi and Peter Black(who did the famous cover of the Beatles album “Sergeant Pepper”)
Nowadays the Br. artists , seem to have given up the traditional forms of drawing, paining and sculpture. If you go to an art collage exhibition , you will probably see photos, constructions with lights and sounds. Media attention is always on the new ,and the daring and shocking works are often Are awarded by prizes for its originality. And old-fashion taste and skill stayed in past.
3. Staying at the hotel. Speak about everyday services available at the hotel.
When you come to another country or city you can stay at your friend’s house or flat. But if you haven’t got any relatives or friends you may stay at a hotel. There are 2 sorts of hotels: at the seaside and in city The hotels at the seaside usually occupied big territory . And the services and facilities are usually better there then in city hotels. You can get more things free. Also at the seaside hotels food is served usually 2 of 3 times a day and in city hotels you can get only breakfast . Before you arrive somewhere you can make arrangements about a room of the hotel you’ll choose. You can call at the hotel of send them a fax or telegram which numbers you can find in the advertisement. If you haven’t done it , when you arrive at the hotel it is necessary to come up to the reception desk .There a person can order a room. First of all you must fill in an arrival card. In this card you must gave information about yourself. Your name and surname, telephone number and address besides it is necessary to point out how long are you going to stay here. Also among the seaside hotels the best with club system . Usually on the territory of such hotels there are 4-5 storied building with single rooms, double rooms, and suites and separate there are family cottages. The area of such hotels is usually very big about 50hectores . Club system allows to take free any , soft drinks, food 24 hours a day, because everything is included into the price of the tour. There are all day room services , dry cleaners, laundries. In the rooms there is a refrigerator, bathroom, a satellite TV and direct dial phone. Also such hotels have their own place on the beach with comfortable sun beds .You can spend time riding horses, playing tennis, golf, polo, visiting shops, which are usually situated in the territory of the hotels. In the evenings you can go to the disco or to the restaurant . The menu in the restaurants including different cuisine’s such as :French, Spanish, Chinese, Turkish, Russian and so on. You can order a yacht tour to some historical places (if any) or something like that. After visiting such hotels you’ll return home happy and refreshed.
5. Pop and classical Music.
Music always been an integral part of human life. In ancient times it accompanied the ritual ceremonies later it began to occupy more important place. Then it transformed in a means of passing time. It reached the highest development only in 20-th century . new directions appeared in music such as jazz, disco, rock-and-roll , rock, pop and so on. The music which was composed from 17 till 20-th century is usually calls classical. That were a sumphonies, ouvertures, suits, sonnats. The most famous classical musicious were: Bach, Bethoven, Gaiden, Shopen, Rohmaninov and many others. In 20-th century it was not so popular any more, her the place was occupied by other genres, such as fate, рор, jazz, and last years became very popular folk songs.
As for me i neither like classical nor pop music. If we are compare them I’ll prefer the classical As the songs consists not only of music, not an unimportant role plays lyrics. In pop music there isn’t both these making elements.
There are a lot of people who enjoyed by classical music, they usually visit concerts of different symphonic and chamber archers. It is often people over 30. They like and admire this music and consider it genius. Some compositions ( works) is really charming( восхитительны) for example the Moonlight sonnat and «to Elise» by Bethoven, and «In cave of the mountain king” by The music is wonderful and you can listen it for many times. And a lot of generations admired and will admire with it. As if to pop music it is very hard to tell something similar about it. I am very doubt that in (через) 50 years the people will listen to what have the pop singers composed. Because the music is very primitive , and the lyrics are stupid. The y sing only about love and some problems which connected with it. And I can’t listen to it at all.
I’ve chosen a rock music. Nowadays it isn’t very popular among young people. They prefer to listen pop. Rap and so on. The main advantage of rock music above all others is lyrics. Rock singers write music and texts them selves and for it i respect them more . the most famous rock group are : Kino, Alisa, Nau, Krematorium, DDt, and many others. Most of them appeared 10-25 years ago , but still fortunately there are people who fond of such music. Rock singers write about eternal (Вечный) problems. In their lyrics reflects their fillings . And each of us can find something close only for him. And that is what rock music about. And that’s why I like it so mach .
6. Theatre
Roll up! Roll up! Audiences have crowded into the Palladium since it opened as a music hall in 1910. London’s theatres have drawn attention for unrivalled standards ever since the days of Shakespeare when his plays were enacted in the Globe Theatre. DruryLane, Shaftesbury Avenue, Haymarket and the Strand are bright with theatrical lights, with musicals and dramas, farce and comedy. Theatre isn’t confined to the West End: the stages of the Royal Court in Sloane Square, the Mermaid by Blackfriars Bridge, the Barbican in the City and the National Theatre on the South Bank beckon nightly. Fringe theatre has been growing but with an ever changing choice of productions to see, for longevity there’s nothing to beat Agatha Christie’s The Mousetrap, which runs and runs.
Most British cities have a theatre, but London has the greatest number. There are over 50 theatres in London’s West End, the area in London with most theatres, and about 35 smaller fringe theatres.
In recent years, musicals have been very successful. About 51
A million people, many of them tourists, go to see a musical every year in London.
Going to the theatre in Britain is not only popular, but also expensive. Not many young people can afford to go. It is possible to get cheaper tickets by going to afternoon performances called matinees or by buying stand-bys, half-price tickets which are sold half an hour before a performance starts.
7. Speak about foods you like and dislike. Describe any recipe.
Meals play an important role in human life. Because it contained indispensable ingredients for life activity of our organism. Such as dioxides, fats, minerals and vitamins. They are contained in fish, vegetables, fruits, meat and other food stuffs . To be healthy man should eat 3 times a day. For lunch people usually eat buiscuits, toasts, sandwiches, cheese and drink coffee or tea with cream and sugar accordingly to your taste . For dinner we eat some soup, salad and fowl, fish or meat with garnish. Many people have to eat out of home in restaurants or in cafes . In such places you can order French fries, hamburgers, cheeseburgers, crisps, pizza and many others, but these meals are very harmful for our health. For the last 10 years in Moscow and in over big cities appeared a lot of restaurants and fast-food cafes. And with each year them becomes ever more. The old restaurants, such as Prague, were advanced, and at the same time has appeared a lot of new. From a net of restaurants of a fast feed(meal) by first has appeared McDonalds, and then Russian bistro Sbarro, Ёlki palki, Patio pizza and т.д Such trade marks as McDonalds , Sbarro and Patio a pizza are known all over the world, and in what you to the country would not be , whether it be Russia, Great Britain or USA quality of meal and е ё of assortment in these restaurants everywhere identical. And such restaurants as Russian bistro and елки палки are only in Russia, and were created on an image and similarity of McDonalds. each of these restaurants has firm dish. For example McDonalds associates with Big Mag Sbarro and Patio a pizza offer very tasty pizzas, in Russian bistro a wide range of pies made on the Russian recipe. But the cheapest and qualitative meal can be found in McDonalds. In Russia unfortunately price level in restaurants of a fast food, and in expensive restaurants very strongly differs and many people si
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Билеты по английскому языку за 11 класс
The United States of America
The Unites States of America are situated in the central part of the North American continent. Its western coast is washed by the Pacific Ocean and its eastern coast — by the Atlantic Ocean. The total area of the USA is over nine million square kilometres. The population of the USA is more than 236 million people; most of the population lives in towns and cities. The USA is a very large country, so it has several different climatic regions. The Goldest regions are in the north and north-east. The south has a subtropical climate. The United States is a land of rivers and lakes..The northern stateof Minnesota is the land of 10 000 lakes. The longest rivers in the USA are the Mississippi, the Missouri and the Rio Grande. The highest mountains are the Rocky Mountains, the Cordillera and the Sierra Nevada.The United States are riebiia natural and mineral resources. It produces copper, oil, iron ore and coal. It is a highly-developed industrial Bad agricultural coubtry. There are many big cities in the USA, such as New York, Chicago, Los Angeles, Philadelphia and others. The national capital is Washington, D.C. Its population is about 3,4 million. Washington wasbuilt in the late eighteenth century especially as the centre of governmeat. It was named after George Washington. The USA became the world teading country at the beginning of the twen*eth century.
Соединенные Штаты Америки
Объединяется, штаты Америка расположены в центральной части Североамериканского континента. Его западное побережье вымыто Тихим океаном и его восточным побережьем — Атлантическим океаном. Полная область США — более чем девять миллионов квадратных километров. Население США — больше чем 236 миллионов людей; большинство населения живет в городах и городах. США — очень большая страна, так что это имеет несколько различный климатический
Области(регионы). Goldest области(регионы) находятся на севере и северо-востоке. Юг имеет субтропический климат. Соединенные Штаты — земля рек и озер.. Северное государство(состояние)Из Штата Mиннесота — земля 10 000 озер. Самый длинный Реки в США — Mиссиссипи, Mиссури и Рио-Гранде. Самые высокие горы — Скалистые горы, Кордильеры и Сьерра-Невада.Соединенные Штаты — riebiia естественные и минеральные ресурсы. Это производит медь, нефть(масло), железную руду и уголь. Это — высоко-развитый индустриальный Плохой сельскохозяйственный coubtry. Есть много больших городов в США, типа Нью-Йорка, Чикаго, Лос-Анджелеса, Филадельфии и других. Национальный капитал(столица) Вашингтонский, Его население округа Колумбия — приблизительно 3,4 миллионов. Вашингтон был
Строивший в последнем восемнадцатом столетии тем более, что центр governmeat. Это было названо по имени Джорджа Вашингтона. США стали миром teading страна в начале twen*eth столетия.
ABOUT MYSELF.
My name is Natalia. My surname is Govorova. I am 15. I was born in 1982 in Chelyabinsk. I live in a small town of Usinsk in the Komi Republic. My address is Flat 116, 19, Pionerskaya Street. My phone number is 41-5-81. I am a pupil. I go to school Numbers 1. I am a good pupil. I do well in all subjects. They say, that I am a hardworking person. To tell the truth, all school subjects come easy for me but sometimes. I have to sit much, for example, to do lessons in Physics or Chemistry, to write a composition or to learn a poem by heart. But my favourite subject is English. I spend much time on it reading books, doing tests etc. May be, English and learning it will be a part of my future carreer. I like reading. I think comics and detective stories are much easier to read but I prefer to read novels — historical or up-to-date. I like music. My musical tastes are different, but it depends on my mood. But I think every apple is good in its season. I play the piano and the guitar, not seriously, but for my soul. Sometimes I like to listen to the Russian classical music. My favourite composers are Chaikovsky and Mozart. I don’t like rock music, but I like «Queen» and «Beatles». Also I like Russian folk songs. I have not much time to watch IV but sometimes I spend an hour or two watching an interesting film or a news programme. In the evening I often read newspapers (our local ones) or magazines. I like fresh air and exercise. I’m sorry I have not much time for doing sports. But some aerobics in the morning, a swimming-pool twice a week, a ski-walk on a frosty day are of great help. Sports is fun. I have a wide circle of interests. I’m very sociable, so I get a way with people. I have many friends, most of them are my class-mates. We spend much time together, going out to the cinema or to the disco party, speaking about lessons and music, discussing our problems. But most of all I like my family. We all are great friends and deeply attached to each other.
You see, it’s me — a person with his good and not good characteristics, liking this and hating that. But it’s interesting for me to live, to open new things.
О МНЕ НЕПОСРЕДСТВЕННО.
Мое название(имя) — Natalia. Моя фамилия — Govorova. Мне 15. Я был рожден в 1982 в Челябинске. Я живу в маленьком городе Usinsk в Komi Республике. Мой адрес Плоский 116, 19, Pionerskaya Улица. Мой телефонный номер — 41-5-81. Я — ученик. Я иду в школу номер 1. Я — хороший ученик. Я преуспеваю по всем предметам. Они говорят, что я являюсь трудолюбивым человеком. Чтобы сообщить правду, все школьные предметы прибывают легкими для меня, но иногда. Я должен сидеть много, например, делать уроки в Физике или Химии, писать состав или изучать поэму сердцем. Но мой любимый предмет Английский. Я трачу(провожу) много времени на это читающий книги, делая испытания и т.д. Может Быть, Английский язык, и изучение этого будет часть моего будущего carreer. Я люблю читать. Я думаю, комики и детективные истории намного более легки, чтобы читать, но я предпочитаю читать романы — исторический или современный. Я люблю музыку. Мои музыкальные вкусы различны, но это зависит от моего настроения. Но я думаю, что каждое яблоко хорошо в его сезоне. Я играю фортепьяно и гитару, не серьезно, но для моей души. Иногда я люблю слушать Российскую классическую музыку. Мои любимые композиторы — Chaikovsky и Моцарт. Я не люблю музыку скалы, но я люблю «Королеву» и «Beatles». Также я люблю Российские народные песни. Я не имею много времени, чтобы наблюдать IV, но иногда я трачу(провожу) час или два наблюдения интересный фильм или программа новостей. Вечером я часто читал газеты (наши местные) или журналы. Я люблю новый(свежий) воздух и осуществление(упражнение). Мне жаль, что я не имею много времени для выполнения спортивных состязаний. Но некоторая аэробика утром, плавательный бассейн два раза в неделю, лыжная прогулка в морозный день имеет большую помощь. Спортивные состязания — забава. Я имею широкий круг интересов(процентов). Я очень общителен, так что я получаю путь с людьми. Я имею много друзей, большинство их — мои одноклассники. Мы тратим(проводим) много времени вместе, отправясь в кино или к стороне(партии) дискотеки, говоря об уроках и музыке, обсуждая наши проблемы. Но больше всего я люблю мое семейство. Все мы — большие друзья и глубоко приложенный к друг другу.
Вы видите, это — я — человек с его хорошее и не хорошие характеристики, любя это и ненавидя это. Но это интересно для меня, чтобы жить, открыть новые вещи.
Sport in our life
Millions of people all over the world are fond of sports and games. Sport helps people to stay in good shape, helps to support health and prevents from illness. Sport makes them more organized and better disciplined in their daily activities.We’ve always paid great attention to sport in our schools, colleges and universities. You can hardly find a school without a gym or a sports ground. Every city and town has a few stadiums or swimming pools where local competitions are usually held.There are different sporting societies and clubs in Russia. Many of them take part in different international tournaments and are known all over the world. A great nu,ber of world records have been set by Russian sportsmen. Our sportsmen also win a lot of gold, silver and bronze medals in the Olympic Games.
Спорт в нашей жизни
Миллионы людей во всем мире любят спортивные состязания и игры. Спорт помогает людям оставаться в хорошей форме, помогает поддерживать здоровье и предотвращает от болезни. Спорт делает их более организованными и лучшими дисциплинированными в их ежедневных действиях.
Мы всегда оплачивали большое внимание к спорту в наших школах, колледжах и университетах. Вы можете едва находить школу без гимнастики или спортплощадки. Каждый город и город имеют несколько стадионов или плавающие объединения(водоемы), где местные соревнования обычно держит(проведены,поддержаны).
Есть различные спортивные общества и клубы в России. Многие из их принимают участие на различных международных турнирах и известны во всем мире. Большой nu, ber мировых отчетов(рекордов) был установлен Российскими спортсменами. Наши спортсмены также выигрывают много золота, серебряные и бронзовые
LEARNING FOREIGN LANGUAGE.
The great German poet Goethe once said: «He who know no foreign language does not know his own one. Learning foreign languages is specially important nowadays. Some people learn foreign languages because they need them in their work, others travel abroad, for the third studying languages is a hobby.
Every year thousands of people from Russia go to different countries as tourists or to work. They can not go without knowing the language of the country they are going to. A modern engineer or even a worker can not work with an imported instrument or a machine if he is not able to read the instruction how to do it. Ordinary people need language to translation the instruction or the manual to the washing-machine or a vacuum-cleaner, medicine or even food-products.
Some people are as a rule polyglots. Historians diplomats need some languages for their work. If you want to be a classified specialist you must learn English, the language of international communication. English is one of the world languages. It is the language of progressive science and technology, trade and cultural relations, commerce and business. It is the universal language of international aviation, shipping and sports. It is also the major language of diplomacy. Hundreds and hundreds of books, magazines and newspapers are printed in English, most of the world’s mail and telephone calls are in English. Half of the world’s scientific literature is written in English. English is spoken by more than 350 million people. Geographically, it is the most widespread language on earth, second after Chinese. It is the official language of the UK, the USA , of Australia and New Zealand, it is used as one of the official languages in Canada, the South Africa. Millions of people study and use English as a foreign language. In our country English is very popular. It is studied at schools, colleges and universities. Learning English is not an easy thing. It is a long process and takes a lot of time and patience. But to know English today is absolutely necessary for every educated person. I want to know English because it’s interesting for me to know foreign countries, their cultures and tradition. English will be of great use in my future profession connected with computers.
ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ИНОСТРАННОГО ЯЗЫКА.
Большой Немецкий поэт Гоет однажды сказал: » Он, кто не знают никакой иностранный язык, не знает его собственный. Изучение иностранных языков особенно(специально) важно в настоящее время. Некоторые люди изучают иностранные языки, потому что они нуждаются в них в их работе, другие путешествуют за границей, для трети, изучающей языки — хобби.
Каждый год тысячи людей из России идут в различные страны как туристы или работать. Они не могут идти без того, чтобы знать язык страны, в которую они идут. Современный инженер или даже рабочий не может работать с импортированным инструментом или машиной(механизмом), если он — не способен читать инструкцию, как делать это. Обычные люди нуждаются в языке к переводу инструкция или руководство к стиральной машине или пылесосу, медицине(лекарству) или даже изделия продовольствия. Некоторые люди — как правило полиглоты. Дипломаты Историков нуждаются в некоторых языках для их работы. Если Вы хотите быть классифицируемым специалистом, Вы должны изучить Английский язык, язык международной связи.
Английский язык — один из мировых языков. Это — язык прогрессивной науки и техники, торговых и культурных отношений, торговли и бизнеса. Это — универсальный язык международной авиации, отгружаясь и спортивных состязаний. Это — также главный язык дипломатии. Сотни и сотни книг, журналов и газет напечатаны по-английски, большинство всемирной почты, и телефонные звонки — по-английски. Половина всемирной научной литературы написана по-английски. Английского языка говорят больше чем 350 миллионов людей. Географически, это — наиболее широко распространенный язык на земле, секунда после Китайца. Это — официальный язык ВЕЛИКОБРИТАНИИ, США, Австралии и Новой Зеландии, это используется как один из официальных языков в Канаде, Южной Африке. Миллионы людей изучают и использование Английский язык как иностранный язык. В нашей стране Английский язык очень популярен. Это изучено в школах, колледжах и университетах. Изучение Английского языка — не легкая вещь. Это — длинный процесс и берет много времени и терпение. Но знать Английский язык сегодня абсолютно необходим для каждого образованного человека. Я хочу знать Английский язык, потому что это интересно для меня, чтобы знать иностранные страны, их культуры и традицию. Английский язык будет иметь большое использование в моей будущей профессии, связанной с компьютерами.
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Билеты по английскому языку за 11-класс (Украина)
Билеты по английскому языку
11- класс . ( из Украины)
Перевел: Камрацкий Дмитрий
п. Бирюково
Луганская обл.
2004 год
Билет 1
A
Mysterious
Visit
After Mark Twain
The first visitor that came to see me was a gentleman who said he was an assessor, and connected with the U.S. Internal Revenue Department.1 said I had never heard of his branch of business before, but I was very glad to see him. Would he sit down? He sat down. I did not know anything particular to say, and I asked him if he was opening his shop in our neighborhood.
He said he was. (I did not wish to appear ignorant, but I hoped he would
say what he was going to sell.)
I asked him’ «How was trade?» And be said’ «So-so».
I then said we would visit him, and if we liked his shop as well as any other, we would become his customers.
He said he thought we would like his establishment and added he never
saw anybody who would leave and search for another man in his line after
trading with him once.
I do not know how it happened, but we began talking.
We talked, and talked, and talked — and we laughed, and laughed, and laughed. But all the time I had my presence of mind about me. I decided to find out all about his business — and thought I would have it out of him without his suspecting what I wanted. | would tell him all about my own business, and he would naturally forget himself, and tell me all about his affairs. I said:
«Now you never, would guess what I made lecturing this winter and last spring?»
«No — I could not. Say seventeen hundred, maybe?»
«Ha! I knew you couldn’t! My lecturing money for last spring and this winter were fourteen thousand seven hundred and fifty dollars.
«Why, it is amazing — perfectly amazing, even this wasn’t all?»
«All! Why, bless you’ there was my income from the newspaper for four months eight thousand dollars, for example?»
«Eight thousand! I’ll make a note of it»,
«There’s my book, The Innocents Abroad — price from $3.50 to $5. Listen to me. During the last four months and a half, we’ve sold ninety-five thousand copies of that book. Average four dollars a copy. It’s nearly four hundred thousand dollars, my son. I get half».
«My God! Fourteen — seven — fifty —’eight — two thousand».
«Possible! If there’s any mistake it’s the other way. Two hundred and fourteen thousand, cash, is my income for this year if I know arithmetic».
Then the gentleman got up to go. At the last moment he handed me a large envelope, and said it contained his advertisement; and that I would find out all about his business in it; and that he would be nappy to have the custom of a man of such enormous income; and that he used to think there were several wealthy men in the city, but where they came to trade with him he discovered that they hardly had enough to live on; and that, in truth, it had been such a long time since he had seen a rich man face to face, and talked to him, and touched him with his hands, that he could hardly hold himself back from embracing me — in fact, would consider it a great favour if I would let him enlace me,
This so pleased me that I did not try to resist, simple-
hearted to embrace me and drop a few tears down the back of my
neck. Then he went his way.
Таинственное Посещение
После Марка Твена
Первый посетитель, который прибыл, чтобы видеть меня, был джентльменом, который сказал, что он был экспертом, и соединился с департаментом налогов сборов США.Я сказал, что я никогда не слышал о его отрасли (отделении) бизнеса прежде, но я был очень доволен видеть его. Он сел бы? Он сел. Я не знал, что ничто специфическое сказало, и я спросил его, если он открывал его магазин в нашем соседстве (окрестностях).
Он сказал, что он был. (Я не желал казаться неосведомленным, но я надеялся, что он будет скажите, что он собирался продавать .)
Я спросил его’, «Как была торговля? » И быть сказан’ «Так себе».
Я тогда сказал, что мы посетили бы его, и если бы мы любили его магазин так же как любой другой, мы стали бы его клиентами.
Он сказал, что он думал, что мы хотели бы его учреждение (влиятельные круги) и не добавили его никогда видел любого, кто уедет и будет искать другого человека (мужчину) на его линии после торговля с ним однажды.
Я
не знаю, как это случилось, но мы начали говорить.
Мы говорили, и говорили, и говорили — и мы смеялись, и смеялись, и смеялись. Но все время я имел мое присутствие духа обо мне. Я решил узнать все о его бизнесе — и думал, что я буду иметь это из него без его подозрения, что я хотел. | Сказал бы ему все о моем собственном бизнесе, и он естественно забудет себя, и скажет мне все о его делах. Я сказал:
«Теперь Вы никогда, не предположили бы что я сделал чтение лекций этой зимой и прошлой весной? «
«Нет — я не мог. Скажите одна тысяча семьсот, возможно? «
«Ха! Я знал, что Вы не могли! Мои читающие лекции деньги в течение прошлой весны и этой зимой были четырнадцать тысяч семьсот пятьдесят долларов.
«Почему, это удивительно — совершенно удивительно, даже это не было всеми? «
«Все! Почему, благословляют Вас’ был мой доход от газеты в течение четырех месяцев восемь тысяч долларов, например? «
«Восемь тысяч! Я буду делать примечание из этого «,
«Есть моя книга, Innocents За границей — цена от 3.50 $ до 5 $. Слушайте меня. В течение прошлых четырех с половиной месяцев, мы продали девяносто пять тысяч копий той книги. Составьте в среднем четыре доллара копия. Это — почти четыреста тысяч долларов, мой сын. Я получаю половину».
«Мой Бог! Четырнадцать — семь — пятьдесят — ‘восемь — две тысячи».
«Возможный! Если есть любая ошибка, это — другой путь. Двести четырнадцать тысячи, наличные деньги, является моим доходом в течение этого года, если я знаю арифметику».
Тогда джентльмен вставал, чтобы идти. В прошлый момент (мгновение) он вручил мне большой конверт, и сказал, что это содержало его рекламу; и это я узнало бы все о его бизнесе в этом; и это он было бы я узнало бы все о его бизнесе в этом; и это он было бы подгузником, чтобы иметь традицию человека (мужчины) такого огромного дохода; и это, он имел обыкновение думать, там было несколькими богатыми мужчинами в городе, но куда они прибыли, чтобы торговать с ним, он обнаружил, что они едва имели достаточно, чтобы жить на; и это, по правде говоря, это было такое долгое время, так как (с тех пор как) он видел богатого человека (мужчину) лицом к лицу, и говорил ему, и тронул его с его руками, которые он мог едва сдержать самостоятельно от охвата меня — фактически, рассмотрит (сочтет) это большой пользой (покровительством), если я позволил бы его обвивать меня,
Это столь понравилось мне, что я не пробовал сопротивляться, простой- незнакомец, что бы охватить меня и понизиться немногие срывают заднюю часть моей шеи. Тогда он пошел его путь.
Билет 2
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A Certain Comfort
As a boy, Steven Peterson of Seatle didn’t worry too much about the disease that landed his grandmother in a nursing home. Everyone’s grandparents were frail1
. But when Peterson was only 17, his father, then 45, was diagnosed with the same disorder — a rare genetic disease. As Peterson learned all too well over the next two decades, the disease gradually destroys an area of the brain called the cerebellum, taking muscle control with it. It starts gently with double vision, as the eye muscles weaken. Later, arms and legs fail. The mind, however, remains untouched.
By the time Peterson reached his early 30s, he began to suspect that he, too, carried the bad gene*. «I’d get up in the middle of the night and my equilibrium3
would be off». Even his doctor doubted he had the disease. One friend told him it was all just «a function of being 30 rather than 20». Peterson didn’t believe it.
In 1995, just after the birth of his third daughter, he learned that a genetic test had been developed for the disease.
When the results came back, a genetic counsellor was on hand to help him deal with the bad news. Peterson didn’t need the help. Instead of sinking into despair4
, he began making financial arrangements for his wife and daughters, securing his family real-estate business and indulging himself in a few unaccustomed treats — like a new Hurley Davidson. With a vigorous workout program and improved diet, Peterson, now 39, is hoping to keep working until he’s 55. «Knowing I have this has enabled me to take control of my life», he says.
Still, he doesn’t want his children to even contemplate testing «until they’re adults and have their insurance secure», he says. And it’s maybe even possible that by that time, scientists will have found a cure.
A doctor from St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital in Memphis said that «the questions were ‘How old are you and how much do you weigh?'» Now, thanks to recent genetic discoveries, physicians can sometimes determine who stands to benefit from a given drug, and who might be harmed by it. At St. Jude, doctors gauge the aggressiveness of children’s leukaemia cells before settling on chemotherapy or bone-marrow transplantation. And kids who were taken for chemo receive additional gene tests to gauge their tolerance. Most can handle standard doses of the drug mercaptopurine*. But one person in 10 produces low levels of the enzyme needed to metabolize it, and for those folks a standard dose can be up to 20 times too high. By identifying those patients ahead of time, doctors can avoid poisoning them.
Некоторый Комфорт
Как мальчик, Стивен Петерсон Seatle не волновался слишком много о болезни, которая посадила его бабушку в частном санатории. Всеобщая бабушка и дедушка была frail1. Но когда Peterson был только 17, его 45-летний отец, был диагностирован с тем же самым беспорядком — редкой генетической болезнью. Поскольку Петерсон узнал слишком хорошо за следующие два десятилетия, болезнь постепенно уничтожает область мозга названного мозжечком, беря контроль(управление) мускула с этим. Это начинается мягко с двойным видением, поскольку мускулы глаза ослабляются. Позже, руки(оружие) и ноги(опоры) терпят неудачу. Мнение, однако, остается нетронутым(равнодушным).
Ко времени Петерсон достиг его в начале 30-ых, он начал подозревать, что он, также, нес плохой ген. «Я встал бы в середине ночи, и мой равновесие будет прочь». Даже его доктор сомневался, что он имел болезнь. Один друг сказал ему, что это были все только «функция того, чтобы быть 30, а не 20». Петерсон не верил этому.
В 1995, только после рождения его третьей дочери, он узнал, что генетическое испытание было развито для болезни.
Некоторый Комфорт
Когда результаты возвратились, генетический консультант должен был под рукой помочь ему иметь дело с плохими новостями. Peterson не нуждался в справке. Вместо того, чтобы снижаться в despair4, он начал делать финансовые размещения для его жены и дочерей, защищая его бизнес недвижимого имущества семейства и потворствуя себе в немног
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